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People living in the different regions and provinces of Pakistan speak different languages, but Urdu is our lingua franca. By lingua franca we mean a language which serves as a medium of communication between different linguistic groups. All Pakistani Languages are written in the same script and are derived from almost the same source; they have many words in common.
Urdu
Urdu is our national language; Urdu has played an important role in the articulation of Muslim culture in South East Asia. It has been rightly said that urdu has been a symbol, an issue, and a weapon in our struggle for independence. Following are the other major languages spoken in different regions and provinces of Pakistan.
Punjabi
The Punjabi speaking people are spread throughout Pakistan. About 48% of the total households in Pakistan claim Punjabi as their mother-tongue. 79% of them are concentrated in the Province of Punjab. Hindku, Siraiki and Potwari dialects have close
affinity and resemblance with Punjabi.
Punjabi is an ancient language, But we do not know how old this language exactly is. Many experts trace it back to the ancient Harappa civilization ( 5000 B.C.). It is also said that in the pre-Muslim era Budhist priests composed Punjabi poetry. Muslim Preachers always addressed that local people in the languages of their daily use, since Punjabi was spoken in extensive areas of India, Muslim saints and preachers created prose and poetry in punjabi. Baba Farid-ud-din Ganj-e-shakr (RA) (1174-1265) has generally been accepted to be first known Punjabi poet.
Punjabi has a very rich poetic tradition; Shah Hussain, Sultan Bahu (RA), Bulleh Shah (RA) , Waris Shah, Fazal Shah, Mian Muhammad and khawaja Ghulam Farid (RA) are amoung the most eminent Punjabi poets. Founder of the Sikh religion baba Guru Nanak also delivered his message in Punjabi verse.
Tradition of prose writing in Punjabi in not very old. It was only in the first half of the twentieth century that short story, Drama, Novel AND criticism was for the first time introduced in Punjabi prose. After the creation of Pakistan and more precisely after the introduction of television, Punjabi literature entered a new era. Punjabi has now been introduced as an elective subject on all levels. University of the Punjabi is offering Master's and Ph.D. degrees in Punjabi. A number of Punjabi journals and newspapers are also being published.
Sindhi
Sindhi speaking people from 12% of the total population of Pakistan. 96% of the Sindhi speaking households are concentrated in the Province of Sindh. It has been estimated that 52% people of Sindh speak Sindhi has many dialects, of which Vicholi is the most widely spoken. It is the dialect of central Sindh as well as the language of standard Sindhi literature. Lar is spoken in southern Sindh and Lasi in lasbela District of Balochistan. Sindhi dialect spoken in the desert of thar is called Thair.
Sindhi is one the ancient languages of our region. Experts are of opinion that people used sindhi as a language of conversation on both sides of the River Indus even tow to three thousand years before Christ ( four to five thousand years back ). We do not exactly know about the ancicnt Sindhi Script. After the advent of Islam, however Arabic script was adopted for writing Sindhi. Sindhi is the first Indian language the Holy Quran was rendered onto.
Sindhi has a very rich treasure of Islamic literature and mystic poetry. Shah Abdul Latif Bhitai (RA) and Sachal Sarmast (RA) are the greatest Sindhi poets. Makhdoom Muhmmad Hashim (1690-1761) was an eminent theologian who wrote nearly 150 books in Sindhi and Persian. Mirza Qalich Beg, renowned scholar of the British period, produced about 400 books. Sheikh Ayaz, Prof. Karim Bukhsh Nizamani and Asad Ullah Bhutto are among the most well-known modern Sindhi Writers. Sindhi is the medium of instruction on all levels in Sindhi. It is also used as count and official language in the province.
Pushto
Pushto speaking families from 13.2% of the total Pakistani household. More than 68% families in the NWFP speak Pushto. It is the main language spoken in the NWFP, the tribal areas and the northern areas of Balochistan. Nearly 25% households in Balochistan speak Pushot, 3% in Sind and less then 1% in the Punjab. In the Punjab, Pushto is spoken in small areas of attock and Mianwali districts. Majority of Pushto speaking households in Sindh lives in Karachi.
Before the advent of Islam, Pushto was wrtten in Kharoshti script, In the age of Mahmud Ghaznavi (About 1000 A.D.) a scholar Saifullah replaced the old Pushto script and introduced Arabic script. Pushto literature has an ancient history.'Pata Khazana' a book written in the second half of the eighth century is said to be the first written work in Pushto prose. Amir Karore, Who Lived about one thousand years ago, is the first known Pushto poet.
The period covering sixteenth and seventeenth centuries is considered to be the golden age of Pushto literature, the most popular Pusto poets Khushal Khan Khatak and Rehman Baba, and the great Pushto prose writer Akhund Daryuza Lived in this age.
After the creation of Pakistan Pushto language and literature started flourishing on modern lines. Radio and television played an important role in its progress. Pushto is now being used as a medium of instruction in the education institutions in the NWFP and the Tribal Areas. A number of newspapers and journals are being published. The Pushto Academy and literary circles in the province are doing great service in the promotion of Pushto poetry and all forms of prose i.e. novel, short story and drama.
Balochi
Descent of the Balochi language is traced to the ancient language spoken in south East Asia several thousand Years before the birth of Christ. Old Balochi was most probably only a spoken language. Ancient Balochi literature consisted of folk songs and poems about tribal conflicts and romantic themes. This poetry passed to the successive generations by professional singers who had committed it to memory. All this treasure of folk literature has now been compiled in written from. Mirza Ghulam Muhammad Natique Makrani, Syed Muhammad Taqi Shah Tabi, Mast Tawakali and Gul Muhammad Magasi Zeb are the most distinguished among the Balochi poets. Hani Shah Mureed,. Mir Chakir and Hamal Rind are the classical stories which depict the Balochi character and culture in its true colours.
Balochi literature entered a new phase of development after independence. Balochi script was given its final shape, first Balochi journal was published in 1960. Radio and television played important role in the promotion of the language. Governments patronised Balochi through educational institution and the Balochi Academy. Poems Short stories and collages of the province and the Balochistan University.
Kashmiri
Like all other languages of Pakistan, Kashmiri belongs to the family of indo-Aryan languages and it is written in the Arabic script. Kashmiri literature has a profound Islamic background. Muslim trades and preaches started visiting Kashmiri shortly after the dawn of Islam in Arabic. In the later period 37, thousand Kashmiris were converted to Islam at the hand of a Muslim saint Shah-i-Hamadan (RA). He was an excellent poet and a man of letters. After this mass conversion Kashmiri became a predominantly Muslim language, with a strong Persian and Arabic imprint.
Lalla Arifah, a very popular Kashmiri poetess and Sheikh Noor-ud-din Wali (commonly know as Baba Nand Rishi) preached religious tolerance and Hindu Muslim unity through their poetry. Love of freedom, Jihad and active resistance against the aggressor are the commonest and the most popular themes of the kashmiri literature Created after 1947.
This article is Written By Pak U Tube Team Hope this will Increase Your Knowledge.
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Urdu
Urdu is our national language; Urdu has played an important role in the articulation of Muslim culture in South East Asia. It has been rightly said that urdu has been a symbol, an issue, and a weapon in our struggle for independence. Following are the other major languages spoken in different regions and provinces of Pakistan.
Punjabi
The Punjabi speaking people are spread throughout Pakistan. About 48% of the total households in Pakistan claim Punjabi as their mother-tongue. 79% of them are concentrated in the Province of Punjab. Hindku, Siraiki and Potwari dialects have close
affinity and resemblance with Punjabi.
Punjabi is an ancient language, But we do not know how old this language exactly is. Many experts trace it back to the ancient Harappa civilization ( 5000 B.C.). It is also said that in the pre-Muslim era Budhist priests composed Punjabi poetry. Muslim Preachers always addressed that local people in the languages of their daily use, since Punjabi was spoken in extensive areas of India, Muslim saints and preachers created prose and poetry in punjabi. Baba Farid-ud-din Ganj-e-shakr (RA) (1174-1265) has generally been accepted to be first known Punjabi poet.
Punjabi has a very rich poetic tradition; Shah Hussain, Sultan Bahu (RA), Bulleh Shah (RA) , Waris Shah, Fazal Shah, Mian Muhammad and khawaja Ghulam Farid (RA) are amoung the most eminent Punjabi poets. Founder of the Sikh religion baba Guru Nanak also delivered his message in Punjabi verse.
Tradition of prose writing in Punjabi in not very old. It was only in the first half of the twentieth century that short story, Drama, Novel AND criticism was for the first time introduced in Punjabi prose. After the creation of Pakistan and more precisely after the introduction of television, Punjabi literature entered a new era. Punjabi has now been introduced as an elective subject on all levels. University of the Punjabi is offering Master's and Ph.D. degrees in Punjabi. A number of Punjabi journals and newspapers are also being published.
Sindhi
Sindhi speaking people from 12% of the total population of Pakistan. 96% of the Sindhi speaking households are concentrated in the Province of Sindh. It has been estimated that 52% people of Sindh speak Sindhi has many dialects, of which Vicholi is the most widely spoken. It is the dialect of central Sindh as well as the language of standard Sindhi literature. Lar is spoken in southern Sindh and Lasi in lasbela District of Balochistan. Sindhi dialect spoken in the desert of thar is called Thair.
Sindhi is one the ancient languages of our region. Experts are of opinion that people used sindhi as a language of conversation on both sides of the River Indus even tow to three thousand years before Christ ( four to five thousand years back ). We do not exactly know about the ancicnt Sindhi Script. After the advent of Islam, however Arabic script was adopted for writing Sindhi. Sindhi is the first Indian language the Holy Quran was rendered onto.
Sindhi has a very rich treasure of Islamic literature and mystic poetry. Shah Abdul Latif Bhitai (RA) and Sachal Sarmast (RA) are the greatest Sindhi poets. Makhdoom Muhmmad Hashim (1690-1761) was an eminent theologian who wrote nearly 150 books in Sindhi and Persian. Mirza Qalich Beg, renowned scholar of the British period, produced about 400 books. Sheikh Ayaz, Prof. Karim Bukhsh Nizamani and Asad Ullah Bhutto are among the most well-known modern Sindhi Writers. Sindhi is the medium of instruction on all levels in Sindhi. It is also used as count and official language in the province.
Pushto
Pushto speaking families from 13.2% of the total Pakistani household. More than 68% families in the NWFP speak Pushto. It is the main language spoken in the NWFP, the tribal areas and the northern areas of Balochistan. Nearly 25% households in Balochistan speak Pushot, 3% in Sind and less then 1% in the Punjab. In the Punjab, Pushto is spoken in small areas of attock and Mianwali districts. Majority of Pushto speaking households in Sindh lives in Karachi.
Before the advent of Islam, Pushto was wrtten in Kharoshti script, In the age of Mahmud Ghaznavi (About 1000 A.D.) a scholar Saifullah replaced the old Pushto script and introduced Arabic script. Pushto literature has an ancient history.'Pata Khazana' a book written in the second half of the eighth century is said to be the first written work in Pushto prose. Amir Karore, Who Lived about one thousand years ago, is the first known Pushto poet.
The period covering sixteenth and seventeenth centuries is considered to be the golden age of Pushto literature, the most popular Pusto poets Khushal Khan Khatak and Rehman Baba, and the great Pushto prose writer Akhund Daryuza Lived in this age.
After the creation of Pakistan Pushto language and literature started flourishing on modern lines. Radio and television played an important role in its progress. Pushto is now being used as a medium of instruction in the education institutions in the NWFP and the Tribal Areas. A number of newspapers and journals are being published. The Pushto Academy and literary circles in the province are doing great service in the promotion of Pushto poetry and all forms of prose i.e. novel, short story and drama.
Balochi
Descent of the Balochi language is traced to the ancient language spoken in south East Asia several thousand Years before the birth of Christ. Old Balochi was most probably only a spoken language. Ancient Balochi literature consisted of folk songs and poems about tribal conflicts and romantic themes. This poetry passed to the successive generations by professional singers who had committed it to memory. All this treasure of folk literature has now been compiled in written from. Mirza Ghulam Muhammad Natique Makrani, Syed Muhammad Taqi Shah Tabi, Mast Tawakali and Gul Muhammad Magasi Zeb are the most distinguished among the Balochi poets. Hani Shah Mureed,. Mir Chakir and Hamal Rind are the classical stories which depict the Balochi character and culture in its true colours.
Balochi literature entered a new phase of development after independence. Balochi script was given its final shape, first Balochi journal was published in 1960. Radio and television played important role in the promotion of the language. Governments patronised Balochi through educational institution and the Balochi Academy. Poems Short stories and collages of the province and the Balochistan University.
Kashmiri
Like all other languages of Pakistan, Kashmiri belongs to the family of indo-Aryan languages and it is written in the Arabic script. Kashmiri literature has a profound Islamic background. Muslim trades and preaches started visiting Kashmiri shortly after the dawn of Islam in Arabic. In the later period 37, thousand Kashmiris were converted to Islam at the hand of a Muslim saint Shah-i-Hamadan (RA). He was an excellent poet and a man of letters. After this mass conversion Kashmiri became a predominantly Muslim language, with a strong Persian and Arabic imprint.
Lalla Arifah, a very popular Kashmiri poetess and Sheikh Noor-ud-din Wali (commonly know as Baba Nand Rishi) preached religious tolerance and Hindu Muslim unity through their poetry. Love of freedom, Jihad and active resistance against the aggressor are the commonest and the most popular themes of the kashmiri literature Created after 1947.
This article is Written By Pak U Tube Team Hope this will Increase Your Knowledge.
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